The chapter
Simply Two stories about praying, both of them about people with no standing: a widow who wears down a judge who does not care, and a tax collector who will not look up. Then babies are brought and the disciples try to stop it, a rich official asks what he must do and cannot do it, and Jesus tells the twelve for the third time what is going to happen in Jerusalem, and they understand none of it. On the road at Jericho a blind beggar shouts until he is heard.
Context Verse 34 is the flattest sentence in the chapter and the book does not soften it: they understood none of it, it was hidden from them, they did not know what he was talking about. That comes immediately after the clearest description of the arrest and death so far, at verses 31 to 33. The chapter then puts a blind man who can see exactly who Jesus is next to twelve men who cannot, and the blind man is the one who is told his faith saved him.
Verses 1-14
Simply A judge who fears neither God nor anyone else is worn down by a widow who keeps coming back, and gives her justice to be rid of her. Jesus says that if that judge does it, God will. Then a second story, told to people sure of their own righteousness: two men pray in the temple, and the Pharisee lists what he does, fasting twice a week and tithing everything, and thanks God he is not like the tax collector, who is standing at a distance asking for mercy. The second man is the one who goes home right with God.
Context Nothing the Pharisee says at verses 11 and 12 is untrue, and the text never suggests it is. He does fast and he does tithe; the problem is in the middle of his sentence, where the comparison starts. Verse 9 has already said who the story is aimed at, which is people convinced of their own righteousness who DESPISED ALL OTHERS, so it is the second half rather than the first that is being described. The widow's story works the same way. Verse 6 says LISTEN TO WHAT THE UNRIGHTEOUS JUDGE SAYS, which makes the comparison an argument from the worse case, exactly as the friend at midnight did at 11:8. Neither story says God is like the man in it.
Verses 15-30
Simply People bring babies for him to touch and the disciples tell them off. Jesus calls the children over and says the Kingdom belongs to people like them. A ruler asks what he must do to inherit eternal life, calls Jesus good, and is asked why. He has kept the commandments since he was young. He is told one thing is missing: sell everything, give it to the poor, and come. He is very rich, and very sad. Jesus says it is easier for a camel to go through a needle's eye, and when people ask who can be saved, says that what is impossible for people is possible for God.
Context The instruction at verse 22 is one word harder than its parallels, and the word is ALL. He is told to sell ALL that he has and DISTRIBUTE it to the poor, which is the same thing 12:33 told the disciples and 14:33 told the crowd. This Gospel keeps making the demand total where it could be partial. The exchange also does not end where readers often stop it: verse 23 says he became very sad and the text never says he left. Mark 10:22 has him go away; this account leaves him standing there and moves straight to the sentence about camels, so the last thing said about him is that what is impossible for people is possible for God.
Verses 31-43
Simply He takes the twelve aside and says plainly that they are going up to Jerusalem, that he will be handed over to the Gentiles, mocked, spat on, flogged and killed, and will rise on the third day. They understand none of it. Near Jericho a blind man sitting and begging hears a crowd, asks what it is, and starts shouting for the son of David to have mercy. The people at the front tell him to be quiet and he shouts louder. Jesus stops, has him brought over, asks what he wants, and gives him his sight, and the man follows him.
Context The three accounts of the blind man at Jericho are all in this app and all three arrange the scene differently. Verse 35 has ONE man and Jesus is COMING NEAR the town. Mark 10:46 has ONE man, names him Bartimaeus son of Timaeus, and has Jesus GOING OUT of it. Matthew 20:29 to 30 has TWO men, and Jesus going out. So the number of men and the direction of travel both change between the books, and this file states that rather than choosing one, because reconciling them is a historical question the text does not settle. What all three keep is the shouting and the order to be quiet, and in each one the crowd is wrong.